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Demidov Yaroslavl State University

2014. № 3 (29)

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Contents

N. M. Aleksandrov

The War and the Enemy in the Consciousness of the Rural Population of Kostroma Province in the Initial Period of the First World War

Abstract: К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а : Первая мировая война; крестьяне; сознание; Костромская губерния. The problem of perception of war and forming of an enemy image by the population of Russia is investigated on the basis of a questionnaire survey materials in Kostroma countryside in late 1914 – early 1915.
Key words: The First World War; peasants; consciousness; Kostroma province.

S. A. Bagrov

Defense-Sport Societies in the Yaroslavl Region in 1946–1955

Abstract: The article deals with the recovery of defense-sport societies in the Yaroslavl region in 1946–1955.
Key words: DOSAAF; defensive Society; primary organization; material support.

T. I. Volkova

Russian Historiography of the Second Half of the XIX – early XX Century About the Importance of Zemstvo in Russia

Abstract: The article presented here are the characteristics and analysis of studies on the question of the importance of Zemstvo in Russia, sponsored by representatives of various ideological trends in Russian historiography of the XIX - early XX centuries: conservative, liberal and social-democratic. This article explains the reasons of different approaches, views and assessments of researchers on this problem.
Key words: Zemstvo; historiography; conservative, liberal, social-democratic historiography trends.

E. V. Spiridonova

Early History of the Yaroslavl Region in Studies of A. A. Spitsyn

Abstract: The article is devoted to the activities of A.A. Spitsyn in the study of ancient history of the Yaroslavl province: study monuments of the Bronze and Iron Ages and the reconstruction of ethnic processes of the early Middle Ages. In particular, we consider the archaeological sites of a burial ground of Fatyanovo culture on Chernay Gora and a site of ancient settlement Bereznyaki of Dyakovo culture, as well as discussions of A.A. Spitsyn with a Yaroslavl historian I.A. Tikhomirov on the Slavic colonization of the Yaroslavl region.
Key words: Archaeology; A. A. Spitsyn; Fatyanovo culture; Dyakovo culture; Slavic colonization of the Yaroslavl region.

O. G. Tsymbal

The «New Politicians» in the Fourth-Century Athens: Historiography of the Problem

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the fundamental tendencies of study of the problem of the political leadership in Athens in the Late Classical period. The author concludes that nowadays historians consider that the “new politicians” –Athenian political leaders of the 4th century B.C. – essentially differed from political leaders of the 5th century B.C. in respect of social origin and methods of political participation. The discussions of the researchers are caused by the definition of the character of these changes. The perspectives of study of this problem at the present stage of discussions are analyzed in the article.
Key words: Athens; Ancient Greece; «new politicians»; democracy, historiography.

T. S. Denisova

Political Leadership and Electoral Processes in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract: The paper is devoted to studying the formation of electoral processes in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. The author, in particular, considers various illegal methods predominantly used by African politicians in order to achieve electoral victories.
Key words: Africa; political leadership; electoral processes; political development; democracy; authoritarianism; dictatorship.

V. V. Grachev

Specific Grounds for Termination of Bill`s Obligation

Abstract: The article deals with specific grounds for termination of bill`s obligation. Not considered by Civil Code of the Russian Federation
Key words: bill; obligation; bill`s mediation.

V. B. Chuvakov

The Structure of Obligations Arising from the Contract in Favor of a Third Party

Abstract: In the article the author analyzes the effect of the contract in favor of a third party unto promise receiver and concludes that in the obligation arising from this contract special type of active plurality tends to be similar to the solidary plurality of creditors, but still different from it.
Key words: contract in favor of a third party; right’s acquisition, solidary plurality of creditors; satisfaction to any of the solidary creditors.

N. N. Tarusina, E. A. Isaeva

Same-Sex Unions and Children

Abstract: The article discusses issues related to the reaction of Russian lawmakers on the problem of same-sex family unions with children.
Key words: parents; caregivers; children; same-sex unions.

M. A. Glazirina

Features of Law-Enforcement Relations

Abstract: The article considers specific signs of law-enforcement relations. It considers the definition of law-enforcement relations.
Key words: law-enforcement relations; law enforcement officials; content of legal relations.

M. Yu. Malyar

Illegal Refusal to Provide Information (Art. 140 of the Criminal Code): Defects of Legislative Technique

Abstract: The article covers some of the defects of legislative technique in Art. 140 of the Criminal Code. The author stresses the difference between the terms of refusal and evasion, concludes that material construction of the corpus delicti is wrong. Measures for improving the law are proposed.
Key words: Criminal Code of the Russian Federation; legislative technique; refusal; evasion; information.

A. A. Karvonen

Integrated Approach to the Problem of Minimization of Law-Enforcement Defects

Abstract: The problem of struggle with defects of law-enforcement tactics is considered. Complex of interrelated and successive measures was proposed for the most effective correction and prevention of such defects.
Key words: law-enforcement defect; measures to eliminate and prevent errors.

N. V. Klueva

Influence of Future Concepts on the Life Satisfaction of the Elderly

Abstract: The article deals with the questions of life satisfaction of older people with regard to their perception of the future . It describes the factors influencing the life satisfaction. The author conducted an empirical study of psycho-emotional status and attitude to future of the elderly.
Key words: life satisfaction; psycho-emotional status; elderly man; vision for the future; psychological support.

Е. V. Коneva, V. К. Solondaev

Mental Development and Quality of Life

Abstract: эмоци¬ональная подсистема; поведенческая подсистема. The article describes the results of the study of cognitive, emotional and behavioral spheres of children living in rural areas, related to their quality of life. It shows the sensitivity of the system of mental development to the quality of life in different age periods. The author analyzes the mechanisms of interaction peculiarities of mental development, identified with psycho-diagnostic methods, quality of life as a subjective assessment of physical, psychological, emotional and social functioning of subjects.
Key words: psychological development; quality of life; age period; cognitive subsystem; emotional subsystem; behavioral subsystem.

A. E. Pankratov

The Structure of Value-Semantic Components of Motivation of Athletes at Different Stages and Levels of Development of Sports Activities

Abstract: Study of value and meaning components of motivation sports activity reveals specific features of individual goals and meanings of athletes at different stages and levels of development activity. Understanding the dynamics of development of individual goals and meanings of an athlete as a subject of activity can improve the efficiency of psychological support for the process of preparation of athletes for sports competitions.
Key words: individual goals; semantic system activities; stages and levels of development of sports activities.

V. O. Klaiman, A. I. Fedorova, O. D. Shmonina, A. A. Chetverikov

Implicit Error Detection on the Tip-of-the-Tongue

Abstract: The present study aims to investigate the changes of affective ratings as a function of recognition decision and the presence of tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state. A person in TOT state is unable to name the word but feels confident that she/he knows it and is able to recall it soon. The previous studies indicate that subjects in TOT state have access to some information about the elusive word. We suggested that this knowledge may enhance affective feedback about the effects of recognition decision. The results demonstrate that in case of recognition a target word is rated more positively than in case of non-recognition. However, the prediction that this effect will be stronger in the presence of TOT had only indirect proof.
Key words: affect; TOT state; metacognition; implicit error detection.

А. А. Fedorova

Could Positive Subliminal Priming Inhibit Insight Problem Solving?

Abstract: Two experiments with different spatial insight problems were held. Subliminal hints with a correct decision, which were presented during an incubation stage, raised the solution rate in comparison with subliminal hints with incorrect or impossible decision. Results are consistent with fixation theory and opportunistic assimilation theory of incubation. There was no evidence of inhibitory effect of positive subliminal priming.
Key words: insight problem solving; subliminal priming; negative priming; incubation.

D. V. Lyusin, E. A. Klimova, V. V. Medvedeva

The Relationship Between Observer’s Emotional personality traits and Sensitivity to Certain Emotion Kinds

Abstract: The relationship between observer’s emotional personality traits and his recognition of other people’s emotions was studied. Two alternative hypotheses that predicted the relationship between emotional personality traits and sensitivity to certain emotion kinds - congruency and complementarity hypotheses - were made and tested. The notion of sensitivity to emotions of different kinds and the method for its measurement were suggested. The complementarity hypothesis was confirmed.
Key words: emotion recognition; emotional personality traits; complementarity principal; congruency principal.

A. K. Kulieva, E. S. Semenihina, M. B. Kuvaldina

Should We Identify or Ignore? The Role of Irrelevant Features in the Inattentional Blindness Tasks

Abstract: In the current article we discuss the process of classification an additional object in «inattentional blindness» tasks. Given that in some studies additional object shares common features with group of targets or group of distractors, the question arises, if it always belongs to one of these groups? Two experiments were conducted in order to examine this assumption. Our results suggest that «inattentional blindness» effect (error of identification) up to a certain point (complicacy of a task) is not connected with the process of ignoring distractors.
Key words: irrelevant features; relevancy; functional blindness; inattentional blindness, attention.

S. V. Shpitonkov

Administration professional by career the managers: practically and theoretical aspects

Abstract: The object of study - the temporal characteristics of a professional career. Allocated subjectivity and organizational factors affecting the dynamics of career. The dynamics of factors career from the stage predkarery (apprenticeship) and finishing phase postkarery (after retirement).
Key words: professional career; professional formation; subject; temporal characteristics; space; medium; resources; condition.

S. A. Fedotova

Structural Features of the Psyche of Teenagers with Dysplasia of Connective Tissue with Different Levels of Social-Psychological Adaptability

Abstract: The article is devoted to investigation of the social and psychological adaptability of teenagers with the diagnosis «Dysplasia of connective tissue» compared with healthy teenagers. We have presented the analysis of the structural features of the psyche of teenagers with different levels of social-psychological adaptability.
Key words: social-psychological adaptability; social adaptation; structural features.

N. S. Gadzhigasanova

Features of Identification Categories in Representations of Regional Inhabitants

Abstract: The article analyzes the characteristics of identifications in representations of inhabitants of a region (the Yaroslavl region used as an example). The distinctions, caused by age of respondents and also by the nature of interethnic interaction are revealed.
Key words: identification; the youth; people of advanced age; practice; interethnic interaction.

A. G. Smirnova

Image of Russia at the Beginning of the ХХI Century: Structure and Content

Abstract: In the article the characteristic features of the structure and content of Russia’s image in the XXI century, constructed by its president V.V. Putin, are under discussion. The supposition that a key role in the construction of the image of state is related to its political elite, and first of all to its leader, who is able to unite different social strata in the framework of the conducted politics, is substantiated.
Key words: image of Russia, public opinion, mass media, president, identity, status, role conception.

N. N. Kasatkina, J. G. Karabardina

To the Question of Language Choice among the Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union to the US

Abstract: The paper discusses the questions of language choice by the immigrant families from the former Soviet Union to the US. We outlined the key domains that affect language acquisition. We also analyzed the issue of language choice by different generations.
Key words: sociology of language; language and society; social background of language choice; domains; language acquisition; immigrants.

V. V. Perskaya

National Competitiveness as a Condition and Driver of Progressive Development of Russia (Review of Presentations at the Theory-Practice International Conference)

Abstract: The paper considers various aspects of improving the competitiveness of the national economy of Russia, proceeding from the fact of Russia’s membership in the WTO and agreed conditions ensuring fair competition in the Russian economic domain. The author focuses on the tools of national competitiveness of Russia in the real sector, as well as in banking and financial sector.
Key words: competitiveness; innovation character; planning and forecasting; real sector; financial services.

Е. М. Evdokimova

EBRD Focus Areas of the New EU Member States

Abstract: The article focuses on the EBRD key activities in the CEE countries. For over than twenty years the Bank, aimed to support transition economies, has subsequently broadened its activities and gained a prominent place as the largest single investor in the region and beyond. Due to its unique experience and key strategic priorities the EBRD helps the countries of operations fostering transition in various sectors by means of financial and technical assistance.
Key words: International financial organizations; European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; transition economies; Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).

M. A. Muravjev

The Value Growth Management in the Brewing Industry Enterprise Based on the BSC Concept

Abstract: The issue of effective management and value growth of the brewing industry enterprises on the basis of VBM concept is considered. Based on the well known researches of D. Norton and R. Kaplan the balanced scorecard (BSC) was developed, taking into account industry characteristics and market infrastructure. With the purpose of the successful functioning of the BSC it was proposed to use the map of strategy and set of management tools, the task of which is to maintain and increase the market value of the company.
Key words: Value Based Management; Balanced Scorecard; map of the strategy; algorithm of constructing and organizing strategy; translation of the strategic objectives; corporate and organizational level of strategy.

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